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C    

Current Output:
There are certain conditions which must be met before a galvanic cell function. These are:
1. An anode and a cathode are required.
2. There must be electrical continuity between the anode and the cathode.
3. An electrical potential difference between the anode and cathode is required.
4. The anode and the cathode must be in a common electrolyte. Once these conditions are met, an electrical current will flow from the anode to the cathode in the electrolyte and thus be measured. Output current of the anodic cast-iron coupling to the cathodic stainless steel nuts and bolt units were obtained at each test coupling set-up by measuring the current output through the ammeter circuit of the M3M-a Multi-Combination Meter.

D    Test Start-Up:
Native potentials were obtained on all stainless steel units. The native potentials ranged from a low of -260mv to a high of -300mv. The purpose of taking the native potentials was to be able to determine the effectiveness of the bi-metallic cell (change in potential) duplicated after the wires of the bolt units and cast-iron coupling halves were connected together. After native potentials were measured and current outputs were taken, the copper wires to the coupling halves and stainless steel bolt units were connected together by means of split bolt connections. Structure-to-water potentials were taken on the stainless steel/cast-iron combination.